Uptake, organ distribution and physiological effects of an anti-diabetic II drug (metformin) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are recognized as emerging contaminants due to their high occurrence and persistence in the environment. Metformin is an anti-diabetic II drug and one of the most prescribed PPCPs and found in relatively high concentration in the environment. Upon metformin ingestion by diabetic people, the drug is not metabolized and is excreted as non-modified molecule in the urines to reach the treatment facilities where it is unfortunately not well degraded. Metformin can reach the aquatic environment where aquatic organism might absorb the drug and probably result in its way back up to the food chain. Some studies has showed relatively high amount of metformin in sludge and waste water treatment plants. Therefore, it is important to perform health risk assessment on such xenobiotic and for that it is necessary to have good knowledge about PPCPs chemical structure, uptake and translocation, and physiological effect in aquatic species. However, there is lack of data concerning fish and particularly with metformin. In this study, the uptake, organ distribution and physiological effects of metformin in Juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo Salar) were investigated. Four group containing respectively five Juvenile Atlantic salmon were exposed to different concentrations of metformin (0, 5, 50 or 500µg/L) during 3, 7 and 10 days. Chemical analysis was performed in order to determine uptake, distribution in organ of the drug. Gene expression was…
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