The Investigation of Microplastics Abundance in Raw Water for Treated Water on the Primary Irrigation Canal of Karawang, West Java, Indonesia
Abstract
The abundance of microplastics (MPs) in the aquatic environment is increasingly threatening the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems and human health. Moreover, conventional raw water treatment for treated water used for drinking water supply has not been able to remove MPs, which can cause biomagnification and accumulation in the human body. Information regarding the distribution and characteristics of MPs, which contaminate raw water for treated water, still needs to be provided, which becomes the aim of current research. The objectives of this research are to determine the abundance and characterization of MPs in raw water for treated water in the primary irrigation canals of Karawang, which originates from the Citarum Watershed. Fifty water samples were taken along 50.00 km of primary irrigation canals with 1.00 km from each point by the volume reduction method using two modified manta trawls in duplicates. MPs were prepared, observed, and analyzed using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration method, Olympus BX-41 microscopes, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry (ATR-FTIR), respectively. The results showed that MPs had contaminated raw water for treated water along the primary irrigation canals of Karawang as much as 48.33-339.17 particles/L, which was dominated by less than 1.00 mm of particles and fragments in size and shapes, respectively. The polymer of contaminated MPs was dominated by polyethylene,…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Green Chemistry: A Framework for a Sustainable Future
- Nano/micro-plastic, an invisible threat getting into the brain
- Emerging contaminants antibiotic resistance genes and microplastics in the environment: Introduction to 21 review articles published in CREST during 2018–2022
- Water Resources and Sustainable Development
- Nano- and microplastics in the workplace
- Water Enclosure and World-Literature: New Perspectives on Hydro-Power and World-Ecology
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.