Therapy resistance-related ncRNAs in cervical cancer: biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality, and resistance to chemoradiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, and emerging targeted or immune-based therapies continues to limit durable disease control. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and extracellular-vesicle-associated transcripts, are increasingly recognized as regulators of DNA-damage repair, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, stemness, metabolic adaptation, ferroptosis, and tumor-microenvironmental communication in treated cervical tumors.
Objective: This narrative review aimed to critically synthesize therapy resistance-related ncRNAs in cervical cancer using a resistance-centered and translational framework that extends beyond previous reviews focused predominantly on individual ncRNA classes, cisplatin resistance, or broader ncRNA biology. The review integrates miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and extracellular-vesicle-associated ncRNAs across therapeutic modalities and evaluates them according to recurrent resistance mechanisms, level of experimental or patient-associated validation, biomarker readiness, and therapeutic tractability.
Methods: A narrative literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was conducted up to June 2026 to identify studies linking miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and extracellular-vesicle-associated ncRNAs with treatment resistance, treatment…
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