The Impact of Theory in HPV Vaccination Promotion Research: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies examined HPV vaccination promotional strategies. However, an overview of theory use, a synthesis of strategies' effectiveness and an examination of the moderating influence of theory are absent.
DATA SOURCE: We retrieved studies from Academic Search Complete, Business Source Complete, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CMMC, CINAHL, and MEDLINE.
STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA: 1) peer-reviewed articles written in English, 2) experimental or quasi-experimental, 3) measure HPV vaccination-related outcomes, 4) had to contain a control condition and report statistics necessary for conversion (for meta-analysis only).
DATA EXTRACTION: 70 and 30 studies were included for the systematic review and meta-analysis respectively.
DATA SYNTHESIS: Four major categories were coded: study information, theory use, type of theory, and outcomes. Two independent coders coded the sample (Cohen's Kappa ranged from .8 to 1).
RESULTS: Most of the studies were based in the U.S. (77%, k = 54) with convenient samples (80%, k = 56), targeted toward females (46%, k = 32), and around a quarter did not employ any theories (47%, k = 33). Among theory-driven studies, the most commonly used were Framing (22%, k = 19), Health Belief Model (HBM; 13%, k = 12), and Narrative (7%, k = 6). Among controlled studies, promotional strategies were significantly more effective compared to the control (r+ = .25, p < .001). Strategies guided by the information, motivation, behavioral…
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