Understanding physical activity through the biopsychosocial model of health in young adults (19-30 years of age) with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A mixed methods systematic review
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: As young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) age, they experience greater risk of developing chronic health conditions and social isolation.
PURPOSE: Was to understand the extent that physical activity (PA) was successful at improving the physical, mental and social health and well-being of young adults (19-30 years of age) with IDDs.
METHODS: The Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis was used as a guide. A convergent integrated approach to data analysis was used, which involved simultaneous coding of qualitative and quantitative evidence. All data were coded into sub-themes which were organized according to the Biopsychosocial Model of Health.
RESULTS: Twenty articles (n = 20) were included in the review (n = 17 quantitative, n = 3 qualitative). PA interventions were reported with a myriad of benefits. Biological sub-themes included improved aerobic fitness, functional fitness, and indicators of body composition. Psychological sub-themes included personal development, self-efficacy, and emotional well-being. Social sub-themes included developing social relationships, community and inclusion. Quality of life included positive affect.
CONCLUSION: PA can reduce the risk of developing chronic health conditions while improving self-efficacy, social skills and adaptive behaviours and providing opportunities to exercise autonomy. Sports and combined games/activities were more commonly reported to improve social skills, and…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 20 participants or records.
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