Genetic determinants of age-related macular degeneration in Middle Eastern populations: a systematic review
Abstract
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss, with genetic factors playing a key role in disease susceptibility and progression. While extensive genetic research is being conducted, the genetic architecture of AMD in Middle Eastern populations remains understudied. This systematic review summarizes current evidence on genetic variants associated with AMD in Middle Eastern populations.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, and Medline databases. Studies were included if they: (1) examined cohorts from Middle Eastern participants; (2) with clinically diagnosed AMD; (3) explored genetic variants or other genomic markers; (4) no restrictions on year of publication; and (5) were published in English.
Results: The search yielded 449 articles (PubMed: 164, Web of Science: 99, Medline: 186). After removal of 221 duplicates, 228 unique articles were screened. Of these, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria, covering a total of 4,247 AMD cases and 3,447 controls from five countries: Turkey (n = 11), Iran (n = 11), Israel (n = 4), Jordan (n = 1), and Egypt (n = 1). Most analyses were targeted, with 25 studies targeting one to four genetic loci, two studies examining 12 variants, and one genome-wide association study. The most frequently studied genes were CFH, ARMS2, and HTRA1. The CFH Y402H variant (rs1061170) showed overall positive but heterogeneous associations with AMD risk across…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 11 participants or records.
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