Exosomes and non-coding RNA, the healers of the heart?
Abstract
This editorial refers to ‘Atorvastatin enhances the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes in acute myocardial infarction via up-regulating long non-coding RNA H19’, by P. Huang et al., pp. 353--367. Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death worldwide, with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) representing the most common disease. The loss of blood flow due to obstruction of the coronary artery causes ischemic damage to the heart and subsequent restoration of the blood flow after intervention also results in reoxygenation damage. In order to maintain cardiac function, this damage needs to be repaired and an effective therapy to achieve this is still needed. Non-coding RNAs are being identified in recent years and are validated for their function in cardiovascular diseases. These RNA molecules are important transcriptional and translational regulators. A group of non-coding RNA called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation.1 The first lncRNA to be discovered is one of the most described lncRNAs: H19. Endothelial H19 has been reported to be protective in cardiovascular diseases.2 Importantly, the expression of H19 in endothelial cells decreases inflammatory activation and cellular senescence which are increased in the aging cardiovascular system. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-haematopoietic multipotent stem cells that can improve left ventricular…
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