The association of apical periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A large hospital network cross-sectional case-controlled study
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The relationship of apical periodontitis (AP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is poorly studied in large populations. The aims of this study were to determine if there is an independent association between AP and T2DM in a large hospital network after controlling for confounding variables, as well as to determine if glycated hemoglobin levels were independently associated with AP.
METHODS: An initial search of the Carolina Data Warehouse for Health yielded 5,995,011 patients, of whom 7,749 were diagnosed with AP in 2015 through 2018. Patients' demographics, T2DM status, HbA1c, periodontal disease, oral cellulitis, hypertension, atherosclerosis, kidney disease, smoking, body mass index, the use of metformin or statins, and hospital inpatient status were collected from their most recent visit. A control group of 7,749 patients without AP were sampled and matched according to the age, race, and sex of each patient with AP. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association between T2DM and AP, as well as between HbA1c and AP after controlling for the effects of the aforementioned confounding variables, using a matched cohort design.
RESULTS: T2DM was independently associated with significantly greater prevalence of AP (odds ratio [OR], 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.73 to 2.43). The use of metformin (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.98) or statins (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.78) was independently associated with significantly lower prevalence…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 5,995,011 participants or records.
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