Sex Differences in Helicobacter pylori Antimicrobial Resistance among 890 Subjects over 20 Years in a Korean Tertiary Hospital
Abstract
Background/aims: Although sex-based differences in Helicobacter pylori eradication success rates and antibiotic resistance profiles have been suggested, which are essential for effective eradication of H. pylori, evidence remains limited. The aim of this study was to investigate sex-based differences in antibiotic resistance patterns of H. pylori to better inform eradication strategies.
Methods: Subjects from whom H. pylori colonies were isolated from gastric mucosal biopsy specimens were consecutively enrolled between 2003 and 2025. Minimum inhibitory concentration tests were performed for amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, tetracycline, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin using the agar dilution method.
Results: A total of 890 subjects (510 males and 380 females) were included. Females demonstrated higher resistance rates to clarithromycin (50.0% vs 35.9%; p<0.001), metronidazole (45.3% vs 38.4%; p=0.041), levofloxacin (45.8% vs 33.7%; p<0.001), and moxifloxacin (45.5% vs 34.1%; p=0.001) than males did; however, no significant differences were found for amoxicillin or tetracycline. Stratified analyses revealed significant sex differences in resistance to clarithromycin and levofloxacin among secondary strains (clarithromycin, 80.9% vs. 67.2%, p=0.007; levofloxacin, 61.1% vs. 48.9%, p=0.034), whereas metronidazole resistance among primary strains showed only a marginal sex difference (40.8% vs. 33.2%, p=0.064). Females also demonstrated significantly higher rates of…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Ferulic acid regulates the AKT/GSK-3β/CRMP-2 signaling pathway in a middle cerebral artery occlusion animal model
- Novel Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Parameters Quantify the Exposure–Effect Relationship of Levofloxacin against Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli
- Photochemical behavior of levofloxacin
- Correlation Between Dissolution Profiles of Salt-Form Drugs in Biorelevant Bicarbonate Buffer and Oral Drug Absorption: Importance of Dose/ Fluid Volume Ratio
- Evaluation of the synergistic potential and mechanisms of action for de novo designed cationic antimicrobial peptides
- Synthesis of [11C]levofloxacin
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.