BMI, Vitamin D Status, and Biochemical Markers of Mineralization in Children with Low-Energy Fractures: A Prospective Case-Control Study
Abstract
Highlights What are the main findings? Higher BMI percentile and lower serum 25OHD were independently associated with fracture status after low-energy trauma. Vitamin D deficiency and a coherent biochemical pattern of impaired mineralization were uncommon, and calcium-intake tertiles were not independently associated with fracture status. What are the implications of the main findings? The findings favor attention to BMI-related body size, without establishing a causal biomechanical mechanism when assessing pediatric low-energy fracture risk. Metabolic bone testing should be clinically targeted rather than routine, while remaining indicated for recurrent, vertebral, atypical, or very-low-trauma fractures or signs of systemic disease. Abstract Background: Pediatric fractures are common, but the relative contributions of BMI-related body size and vitamin D–calcium metabolism remain uncertain. This study examined anthropometric and biochemical factors associated with fracture status in otherwise healthy children after low-energy trauma. Methods: This prospective case–control study included 100 children aged 3–15 years: 50 with radiographically confirmed fractures and 50 trauma controls without fracture. BMI and age- and sex-standardized BMI measures were recorded. Serum 25OHD, PTH, ALP, calcium, and phosphate were measured within seven days of injury, and dietary calcium intake was estimated. Associations were evaluated using correlation analyses, logistic regression, and…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 100 participants or records.
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