A randomized controlled trial of the effect of raloxifene plus cholecalciferol versus cholecalciferol alone on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteopenia
Abstract
Raloxifene increases lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) and lowers vertebral fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis. However, few prospective clinical trials have studied its efficacy in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. This study investigated the efficacy of raloxifene in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. An investigator-initiated, randomized, open-label, prospective, single-center trial was conducted in 112 postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Osteopenia was defined based on the lowest BMD T-score in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, or total hip (-2.5 P =.005) and attenuated the total hip BMD loss (-0.3% vs. -2.9%, P = .003). The effect of raloxifene on the lumbar spine remained significant after adjustment for age, BMI, baseline BMD T-score, and other covariates (adjusted β: +3.05 vs. VitD, P =.015). In subgroup analysis, the difference in lumbar spine BMD between the RalD and VitD groups was robust in those with severe osteopenia group (lowest T-score ≤ -2.0). Raloxifene plus cholecalciferol significantly improved lumbar spine BMD and attenuated total hip BMD loss compared with cholecalciferol alone, with a more robust effect in severe osteopenia. Clinical trial registration: The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05386784).
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 112 participants or records.
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