Beyond Tumor Control in Sporadic Neuroendocrine Tumor: Metabolic and Bone Health During Treatment with Somatostatin Analogs
Abstract
Background: Somatostatin analogs (SSAs) are widely used in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Despite SSAs having a favorable safety profile, their long-term impact on glucose metabolism and bone health remains uncertain. This study aimed to compare glycemic, calcium-phosphorus, and densitometric parameters between patients with sporadic NETs receiving SSA therapy and untreated patients. Methods: A retrospective observational study enrolling patients with sporadic NETs was conducted at Federico II University of Naples, Endocrinology Unit, ENETS Center of Excellence. Results: A total of 40 patients were enrolled: 18 (45%) treated with SSA (SSA+) and 22 (55%) untreated (SSA-). The median duration of SSA treatment was 24.5 months (range 12-180). HbA1c was significantly higher in the SSA+ group compared to SSA- (median 6.20% vs. 5.70%; p = 0.027). Corrected calcium levels were significantly lower in SSA+ patients (8.90 vs. 9.47 mg/dL; p = 0.045). No significant differences were observed between groups in phosphorus, vitamin D or PTH levels. Median lumbar T-score was -0.15 in SSA+ vs. -1.10 in SSA- (p = 0.256); lumbar BMD was 1.23 vs. 0.97 g/cm2 (p = 0.127). Femoral neck T-score was -0.85 vs. -1.55 and femoral BMD was 0.89 vs. 0.78 g/cm2. The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia did not differ significantly between groups. Within the SSA+ group, treatment duration showed no significant correlations with any densitometric parameter. Conclusions: SSA treatment in…
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