Frequency and risk factors of fractures in elderly patients with sarcopenia
Abstract
Aim. To determine the frequency and risk factors for fractures in patients with sarcopenia aged 65 years and older living in the community dwellings.
Material and methods. This cross-sectional, single-center study included 230 people aged 65 years and older (70 men and 160 women, median age 75 (interquartile range 68–79) years) who received consultations in a medical institution in Saint Petersburg. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was made according to the EWGSOP2 (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2) criteria (2018). Phosphorus-calcium metabolism and vitamin D level were assessed; physical activity was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and depression was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). All patients underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to diagnose osteoporosis and received anti-osteoporotic therapy with bisphosphonates.
Results. A high fracture rate was found in patients with sarcopenia compared to patients without it (39.4 % versus 26.7 %; p 0.01) due to proximal hip fractures (18.8 and 7.7 %, respectively; p 0.01). Sarcopenia increased the risk of fractures 1.52-fold (95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.01–2.28; p = 0.049), and hip fractures by 2.28-fold (95 % CI 1.28–4.05; p = 0.003). The risk of fractures was higher in patients with low muscle strength (odds ratio (OR) 5.459; 95 % CI 1.918–6.561; p = 0.0023), low muscle mass (OR 3.284; 95 % CI 1.394–4.253; p = 0.0064), in those who…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 230 participants or records.
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