Bone as a Biomarker of Ageing and Senescence: Connecting Musculoskeletal Health to Longevity via Diet, Nutrition and Exercise
Abstract
Advancing age is often accompanied by a gradual decline in musculoskeletal (MSK) health and integrity, making the skeleton not just a structural framework; but a dynamic indicator of biological ageing. Bone tissue undergoes continuous remodelling through tightly regulated interactions among osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, progenitor cells or mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and growth factors. With advancing age, this balance shifts toward increased resorption, increased adipose tissue formation, reduced bone formation, and deterioration of bone microarchitecture. This eventually can lead to frailty, increased fracture risk and other age-related diseases (ARDs) due to ageing, cellular senescence and inflammaging. Interestingly, bone-derived changes often precede clinical manifestations of these ARDs, suggesting its potential use as an early biomarker for biological ageing and longevity risks. In our review, we explore the possibility of using the bone as a biomarker for ageing, followed by anti-ageing strategies to encourage bone longevity. We begin by discussing our current knowledge of the bone, the bone marrow (BM), changes in the BM with ageing and current methods of tracking bone ageing; both clinically and experimentally. We then explore studies that investigated the anti-ageing strategies, specifically focused on diet, exercises and lifestyle to shift towards enhanced bone health and longevity. Finally, we discuss the limitations of achieving this, what the…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Effectiveness of Bisphosphonates and Denosumab on Risk of Vertebral Fractures in Prostate Cancer Patients Under Androgen Deprivation Therapies: A Real-World Prospective Study
- Osteoporosis-related fractures after spinal cord injury: a retrospective study from Brazil
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and mortality in older men
- Lack of Association between Vitamin D Insufficiency and Cardiovascular or Fracture Risk: A UK Biobank Study
- Muscle strength and body composition are clinical indicators of osteoporosis
- Incidence of bone protection and associated fragility injuries in patients with proximal femur fractures
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.