"Life's Essential 8" Cardiovascular Health With Premature Cardiovascular Disease and All-cause Mortality in Young Adults: The Kailuan prospective cohort study
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Whereas cardiovascular disease (CVD) metrics define risk in individuals aged over 40 years, the earliest lesions of CVD appear well before this age. Cardiovascular health (CVH) was proposed to improve cardiovascular risk factors and was updated recently. This study aimed to explore the associations of baseline and long-term CVH assessed by "Life's Essential 8" metrics with premature CVD and all-cause mortality in young Chinese adults.
METHODS
A total of 16,011 CVD-free participants aged 18-40 years were enrolled from the Kailuan cohort study. The CVH score ranged from 0 to 100 and was categorized into low, moderate, and high. Cox regressions were used to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) for the associations of baseline, time-updated mean, and time-varying CVH with the risk of outcomes.
RESULTS
During a median follow-up of 13.00 years, we identified 271 cases (1.7%) of CVD and 219 cases (1.4%) of all-cause mortality. A lower CVH was associated with a higher risk of CVD and all-cause mortality, the adjusted HR in the low CVH versus the high CVH group was 7.34 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.19-16.89) and 2.54 (95% CI, 1.27-5.06) for baseline CVH, 4.38 (95% CI, 2.14-8.97) and 1.99 (95% CI, 1.06-3.71) for time-updated CVH, 8.19 (95% CI, 2.70-24.88) and 4.28 (95% CI, 1.70-10.81) for time-varying CVH, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
We observed an inverse gradient association of baseline and long-term CVH with the risk of premature CVD and all-cause mortality in young adults,…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Improving the translation of search strategies using the Polyglot Search Translator: a randomized controlled trial
- Nutritional, Physical, Cognitive, and Combination Interventions and Frailty Reversal Among Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- Clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity in patients with haematological malignancies in Italy: a retrospective, multicentre, cohort study
- A randomized, controlled trial of oral propranolol in infantile hemangioma
- Clinical phenotypes of delirium during critical illness and severity of subsequent long-term cognitive impairment: a prospective cohort study
- Increased physical activity improves sleep and mood outcomes in inactive people with insomnia: a randomized controlled trial
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.