Genotypic Variation and Biochemical Correlates of Macrosiphoniella sanborni resistance in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat
Abstract
Abstract Florist's chrysanthemum ( Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) ranks second among commercially traded flowers globally, and aphid infestation by Macrosiphoniella sanborni is among the most significant biotic constraints on its production. Field evaluation of thirty germplasm accessions during two field seasons (2024-26) revealed highly significant genotypic variation in aphid colonization (7.79-114.13 aphids stem⁻¹). Screening using the Aphid Ratio classified three germplasm namely DMS-18 (0.192), DFR Gamma Mutant (0.205) & DMS-76 (0.228) as highly resistant followed by two Moderately Resistant Germplasm Pusa Sona (0.339) and DMS-3 (0.349). Based on the Aphid Ratio, seven accessions (DMS 18, DFR Gamma_mutant, DMS 76, Pusa Sona, DMS 3, DMS 13, Royal Purple) achieved inhibition ratios above 80% relative to the susceptible check Pusa Guldasta. Biochemical profiling at initial aphid appearance i.e., 30 Days after Transplanting (DAT) and peak infestation (86 DAT) showed Highly Resistant cultivars accumulating significantly higher total phenolics (80.43 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent/gram Fresh Weight), flavonoids (32.42 mg Quercetin Equivalent/gram Fresh Weight), and lignin (1031.67 µg/g FW) at 86 DAT than susceptible genotypes, with total phenol at 30 DAT and flavonoid at 86 DAT positively correlated with pooled aphid count. Cinnamate 4-Hydrolase (C4-H) activity was the strongest early discriminator of resistance, while PAL activity showed no significant association. Stepwise…
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