Phytochemical Interventions in Skin Aging: Experimental and Translational Evidence from Laboratory and Human Studies
Abstract
Traditionally, plant bioactive compounds found in herbs and functional foods have been used to prevent skin aging and treat various skin disorders. Their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, photoprotective, and anti-aging properties underscore their ethnopharmacological significance and continue to inform modern dermatological applications. This review examines the mechanisms of skin aging, the traditional uses of bioactive compounds, and the roles of phytochemicals in preventing skin aging and enhancing dermal structure, function, and appearance. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2000 and 2025. In vitro, in vivo, and human studies were included. The review followed PRISMA guidelines, and the findings were synthesized qualitatively. This review showed that ferulic acid reduced reactive oxygen species by approximately 50–60%, decreased melanin and erythema levels, and increased skin hydration by 20–35%. Genistein increased collagen thickness and skin breaking strength by 15–22% in ovariectomized rats and reduced wrinkle scores by 18% in postmenopausal women. Quercetin and rutin enhanced SOD, CAT, and GSH activities while reducing MDA and LPO levels. Resveratrol, curcumin, catechins, lycopene, and sulforaphane improved collagen deposition, dermal density, and antioxidant defenses by 10–30% and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, & TNF-α) by 15–40%. Optimized…
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