Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Seseli transcaucasicum
Abstract
Species belonging to the genus Seseli have long been known to be used in traditional medicine as herbal remedies for various purposes such as relieving colds, inflammation, pain, and gas. Therefore, in this study, the aerial parts of S. transcaucasicum have been extracted in methanol and acetone to investigate their phytochemical composition and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. For this purpose, the total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH free radical scavenging activity (RSA), phenolic component profile, volatile component composition, antimicrobial effect, and cytotoxic potential on the HT29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line have been evaluated. When the results have been examined, it has been observed that the methanol extract has shown a higher total phenolic content (77.389 ± 1.389 mg GAE/g extract) and higher radical scavenging activity (40.933 ± 0.067 mg TE/g extract) compared to the acetone extract. HPLC analysis of the phenolic components have revealed that rosmarinic acid, catechin, and quercetin have been particularly high in both extracts. Among these, rosmarinic acid has been detected in the highest amount, reaching levels of 15.195 mg/g in the methanol and 14.929 mg/g in the acetone extracts, respectively. The volatile components of our plant have been determined by GC-MS, and a total of 29 volatile compounds have been identified. Among these, β-pinene (220.792 mg/kg), Δ3-karen (81.898 mg/kg), α-sedrene (63.331 mg/kg), elixen (44.535…
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