Dietary Flavonoids and Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Dose-Response Meta-Analysis
Abstract
SCOPE
Dietary flavonoids have shown potential in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. The aim of the present study was to conduct a dose-response meta-analysis on the association between dietary intake of total, subclasses and individual flavonoids and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
METHODS AND RESULTS
Electronic databases were searched. A total of 39 prospective cohort studies were included, comprising 1,501,645 individuals and a total of 33,637 cases of CVD, 23,664 of coronary heart disease (CHD), and 11,860 of stroke. Increasing dietary intake of total flavonoids was linearly associated with lower risk of CVD. Among the main classes of flavonoids, increasing intake of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols was inversely associated with risk of CVD, while flavonols and flavones with CHD. Only increasing flavanones showed a linear inverse association with stroke risk. Catechins showed a favourable effect toward all cardiovascular outcomes. Among individual compounds, intake of quercetin and kaempferol was linearly associated with lower risk of CHD and CVD, respectively. However, higher intake of all the aforementioned compounds was associated, with a various extent, to lower risk of CVD when considering comparison of extreme categories of consumption.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study provide evidence of potential cardiovascular benefits of a flavonoid-rich diet. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 1,501,645 participants or records.
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