Moraxella peritoneal dialysis-related infections: a systematic review
Abstract
Introduction: Moraxella species, although infrequent in peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated infections, are established pathogens. Moraxella catarrhalis is recognized as a cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections and is increasingly associated with β-lactamase production. The role of Moraxella species in PD-related infections warrants further investigation.
Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted for cases of PD-associated infections caused by Moraxella. Inclusion criteria required a diagnosis of peritonitis or exit-site infection confirmed by culture. Demographic data, clinical presentation, microbiological identification, antimicrobial resistance, therapeutic regimens, and outcomes were analyzed.
Results: Fourteen cases of Moraxella-related peritonitis in PD patients were identified between 1987 and 2024 from 13 studies, with no reports of exitsite infections. The mean age was 56 years; diabetic nephropathy was the most common underlying condition (four cases). M. catarrhalis (n = 6) and Moraxella osloensis (n = 5) were the most frequent pathogens. The most commonly reported methods were bacterial growth in culture media, followed by species identification using biochemical profiling or automated systems (n = 10), and advanced confirmatory techniques. Clinical presentation included abdominal pain, fever, and clouding of the dialysis fluid. Most isolates were susceptible to cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 10 participants or records.
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