Quercetin Reduces Vascular Senescence and Inflammation in Symptomatic Male but Not Female Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that vascular senescence and its associated inflammation fuel the inflammaging to favor atherogenesis; whether these pathways can be therapeutically targeted in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients remains unknown. In a randomized, double-blind trial, 97 patients (78 men) undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery were treated with either quercetin (500 mg twice daily, 47 patients) or placebo (50 patients) for two days pre-surgery through hospital discharge. Primary outcomes were reduced inflammation and improved endothelial function ex vivo. Exploratory analyses included plasma proteomics and single-nuclei RNA sequencing of internal thoracic artery (ITA) samples. Quercetin treatment showed a trend toward reduced C-reactive protein at discharge (p = 0.073) and differentially modulated circulating inflammatory protein expression between men and women, with a pro-inflammatory effect of quercetin in females. Endothelial acetylcholine-induced relaxation improved significantly with quercetin (p = 0.049), with effects in men (p = 0.043) but not in women (p = 0.852). ITA transcriptomics revealed the overexpression of senescence and inflammaging pathways in male vascular cells, which quercetin reversed. In female cells, quercetin had minimal endothelial benefit and increased inflammaging in fibroblasts. In male cells, a candidate target of quercetin involves interactions between the receptor PLAUR and its ligands PLAU and SERPINE1. Post-operative atrial…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 97 participants or records.
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