Sarcandra glabra: phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and its role in mucosal immunity and digestive diseases
Abstract
The incidence of digestive system diseases has been increasing annually, highlighting the need for effective therapeutic agents. Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai, a key Chinese herbal medicine, has gained attention for its potential in treating digestive disorders. The purpose of this review is to explore the research progress of Sarcandra glabra and its compound preparations in the treatment of digestive system diseases, so as to promote the further exploration of its pharmacological mechanism and the optimization of its clinical 2024 application. Sarcandra glabra contains a variety of chemical constituents, including sesquiterpenes, coumarins, flavonoids, organic acids, polysaccharides and volatile oils, which endow Sarcandra glabra with a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as antibacterial (against Helicobacter pylori, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus), anti-inflammatory (via TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK pathways), gastroprotective (through mucosal repair, upregulation of tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin, and antioxidant activity), immunomodulatory (via Th17/Treg balance, secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) secretion, and dendritic cell activation), and anti-tumor (by inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and telomerase inhibition). Clinically, S. glabra and its various formulations (injections, tablets, granules, oral liquids) have been used for infectious diarrhea, gastritis, peptic ulcers, and as adjuvant therapy for nasopharyngeal, gastric, and colorectal…
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