Role of Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in the elderly, driven by oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Polyphenols-bioactive compounds in fruits, vegetables, tea, and wine-exert antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, modulating key molecular pathways involved in AMD progression. This review highlights the mechanisms by which specific polyphenols such as resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, and EGCG contribute to retinal protection. Preclinical and clinical studies support the integration of polyphenol-rich diets or supplements as potential strategies in AMD prevention and therapy.
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