Antibacterial prophylaxis of febrile neutropenia is not effective in the pre‐engraftment period in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Abstract
the recently published guideline by Lehrnbecher et al [1] on antibacterial prophylaxis for prevention of febrile neutropenia in cancer children gives a weak recommendation with a moderate quality evidence not to administer systemic antibacterial prophylaxis for children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This recommendation was based mainly on a single randomized clinical trial [2], showing no effectiveness of levofloxacin compared to no prophylaxis (effectiveness 11.0% vs 17.3%; risk difference: 6.3%; p =0.06).
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design.
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