Antimicrobial resistance trends during COVID-19 in male patients: a descriptive analysis
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in male patients represent a distinct and underexplored clinical entity. The COVID-19 pandemic has further influenced infection patterns and antimicrobial use, potentially accelerating resistance trends. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of uropathogens and their resistance patterns in a large cohort of Romanian men during the full pandemic. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary academic urology center in Bucharest, Romania, including male patients evaluated during the COVID-19 pandemic (September 2021-February 2022). Male patients with positive urine cultures (≥105 CFU/mL) and a single identified pathogen were included, while duplicate and polymicrobial samples were excluded. 733 male patients were included, with Gram-negative predominating (78.99%) over Gram-positive (21.01%). E. coli (32,74%) and Klebsiella (27.15%) were the most frequent isolates. UTIs were markedly more prevalent in patients >55 years. Gram-negative uropathogens showed high resistance to commonly used antibiotics, particularly Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (43.98%) and Levofloxacin (39.16%). E. coli demonstrated elevated resistance to Levofloxacin (36.52%) and Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (35.78%), while Klebsiella exhibited the most concerning profile, exceeding 50% resistance to Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (57.29%) and Nitrofurantoin (56.96%), with additional carbapenem resistance (Imipenem 13.59%, Meropenem 12.9%). Gram-positive isolates…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 733 participants or records.
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