Effect of Nonsurgical Mechanical Debridement With or Without Chlorhexidine Formulations in the Treatment of Peri‐Implant Mucositis. A Randomized Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Trial
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the treatment of peri‐implant mucositis (PM) using a nonsurgical submarginal peri‐implant instrumentation (NSPI) with or without chlorhexidine (CHX) solutions. Methods Fifty‐six patients (28 per group) were randomly assigned to the test (NSPI + 0.12% mouthwash and subgingival CHX irrigation plus tongue brushing with 1% CHX gel) or the control group (NSPI + placebo mouthwash and subgingival placebo irrigation plus tongue brushing with placebo gel). At baseline, 1, 3, 6 months, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), modified gingival index (mGI), modified plaque index (mPlI), full‐mouth plaque score (FMPS), full‐mouth bleeding score (FMBS), and the proportions of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola were recorded. The BOP reduction was set as a primary outcome. Data were analyzed to assess BOP reduction at a 6‐month follow‐up and to identify significant predictors of implant‐site BOP through mixed generalized linear regression. Results After 6 months in both groups, a significant reduction of BOP, PD, mPlI, mGI, FMBS, and FMPS was noted (p < 0.05). However, at 6 months, the test group was more effective than the controls in reducing median BOP (∆values control/test: 39.3% [95% CI 37.4–42.3] vs. 48.7 [95% CI 46.5–51.2], p = 0.044), as well as mPlI (p = 0.041) and the proportion of Treponema denticola (p = 0.039). Moreover, the implant‐sites BOP reduction…
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