Effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Data from a controlled clinical trial
Abstract
AIM
To evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
METHODS
This controlled clinical trial involved children and adolescents with T1DM for at least one year. Participants with VDD (25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL) were allocated to the intervention group and oral supplementation with cholecalciferol was prescribed at a dose of 2000 IU/day for 12 weeks. Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, lifestyle,anthropometric data and the Fok-I polymorphism (rs2228570) vitamin D receptor were collected. The effect of the intervention was assessed using Glass's Delta.
RESULTS
Of the 133 participants, 77.4 % were assigned to the intervention group (n = 103). Serum 25(OH)D concentration increased from 19.2 ± 6.2 to 30.9 ± 10.1 ng/mL (Glass's Delta = 1.2; CI 0.8/-1.4).A minimal effect was showed on glycemic control (Glass's Delta = 0.1; CI -0.2/0.4). A higher dose of insulin (β = -4.6; CI -8.1/-1.1; p = 0.010) and a high BMI (β = -0.3; CI - 0.6/-0.01; p = 0.059) were associated with lower serum 25(OH)D concentration, and sedentary (β = 0.20; CI - 0.1/0.7; p = 0.004) associated with higher HbA1C after 12 weeks of supplementation.
CONCLUSION
Oral cholecalciferol supplementation was effective in correcting VDD. This study identified the minimal effect of this intervention on glycemic control.
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