Impact of exercise training on tumour‐infiltrating T cells in human prostate cancer: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (PRO‐TEST)
Abstract
Exercise training reduces tumour growth by increasing tumour‐infiltrating T‐cell density in preclinical models. However, it remains unknown whether exercise training can modify intratumoural T cells in humans.The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an exercise training intervention versus control on human prostate intratumoural T‐cell density.This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. We randomly allocated men (age > 18 years) with treatment‐naive localized prostate cancer scheduled for radical prostatectomy 2:1 to exercise training intervention or control. The exercise intervention consisted of supervised, high‐intensity interval bicycling four times per week from the time of randomization until prostatectomy. Intratumoural CD3+ and CD8+ T‐cell densities in diagnostic biopsies and postsurgical prostatectomy specimens were quantified using immunohistochemistry. Between‐group differences in changes from baseline to follow‐up were estimated using constrained baseline linear mixed‐effect models.A total of 30 participants were included (exercise intervention, n = 20; control, n = 10). We found no between‐group differences in changes in CD3+ T cells [mean difference (95% confidence interval): −17 (−185; 150) cells/mm2] or CD8+ T cells [mean difference (95% confidence interval): −16 (−206; 172) cells/mm2]. Additionally, we found no statistically significant correlations between changes in T‐cell density and the number of exercise training…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a secondary / pooled analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 30 participants or records.
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