Risk factors for OXA-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales acquisition in Israel: A retrospective case control study
Abstract
BACKGROUND
OXA-producing carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (OXA-CPE) are challenging hospital-centered screening approaches. This study aimed to identify risk-factors for CPE acquisition, focusing on OXA-CPE.
METHODS
A retrospective case-control study was conducted using data from Clalit Health Services. Adults (≥ 20 years) hospitalized between 2016 and 2023 and screened for CPE were included. Cases were defined as first-time CPE-positive. Each case was matched 1:1 to a hospitalized control from the same hospital, department, and admission date. Exposure data included comorbidities, hospitalizations, outpatient clinic visits, recent antibiotic use, and socioeconomic status. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent risk factors for CPE acquisition. Subgroup analysis compared risk-factors for OXA-CPE versus non-OXA-CPE.
RESULTS
Among 96,306 screened patients, 1,609 CPE-positive cases were matched to controls. Median age was comparable in CPE cases and controls (70.5 vs 69 years respectively). Significant CPE risk factors included chronic ventilation (OR = 3.16), diabetes (OR = 1.33), multiple hospitalizations (OR > 3.9), Arab ethnicity (OR = 2.07), and recent antibiotic use (OR = 1.96). In subgroup analysis, risk-factors were similar between OXA and non-OXA groups, except for Arab ethnicity, which had a stronger association with OXA-CPE (OR = 3.36 vs 1.39, interaction P = .0059). No interaction was found for other variables.
CONCLUSIONS
CPE acquisition…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 96,306 participants or records.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Improving sleep quality leads to better mental health: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
- Tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
- A new aging measure captures morbidity and mortality risk across diverse subpopulations from NHANES IV: A cohort study
- Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study
- Are noise and air pollution related to the incidence of dementia? A cohort study in London, England
- Long COVID symptoms and duration in SARS-CoV-2 positive children — a nationwide cohort study
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.