An X-ray visualization facility for large-scale multiphase flows
Abstract
Multiphase flows exist in several industries throughout the world. In 1998 in the United States alone, the economic value of multiphase flows was estimated to be $625 billion. However, the hydrodynamics and operation of multiphase flows are quite complex, and multiphase flow reactor design relies mostly on empirical data. In order to create process improvements and optimization, a better understanding of the transport and hydrodynamic characteristics are required. Several multiphase flow reactors are utilized in order to promote heat and/or mass transfer. One such type of reactor is a bubble column. There are both invasive and noninvasive measurement techniques that exist for studying multiphase flow behavior and characteristics in a bubble column. Noninvasive measurement techniques eliminate the possibility of the measuring device interfering with the flow behavior. One such technique is X-ray imaging. A study has been undertaken to assist with the design and construction of a large-scale X-ray flow visualization facility and demonstrate its operation. The visualization facility must be constructed in such a way to allow for X-ray imaging at several different vertical locations of a 4.87 m tall, 32 cm diameter bubble column. In addition, the visualization facility must maintain the safety of those working around the facility. X-ray computed tomography (CT) and X-ray radiography will be used in this facility to study the bubble column with the overall goal of acquiring gas…
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