Design and Development of a Novel Photoacoustic Imaging System for Detection of Intracranial Hemorrhages
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has the potential to overcome disadvantages of optical and ultrasonic imaging techniques by combining the two imaging modalities. This allows for exploitation of endogenous contrasts (variants of hemoglobin) to generate energy with light, and provides enhanced resolution by probing for resulting acoustic signals. The resulting platform has widespread applications ranging from structural (vasculature-based) to functional (oxygenation-based) point-of-care clinical imaging. This thesis has been aimed towards the development of a PA system for detection of intracranial hemorrhages. Simulations have been performed using a photon tracking Monte Carlo program and ultrasound wave propagation modeling software, k-wave to simulate light absorption and resultant acoustic signals in tissue. Furthermore, development of a PA imaging setup utilizes a 6-ns pulsed laser operating at 532-nm with a pulse repetition frequency of 28-Hz as the light source. Ultrasonic transducers with centre frequencies ranging from 1- to 5-MHz are used to receive acoustic signals produced from the object illuminated. The system is designed in a handheld, probe-like configuration to enable point-of-care detection and/or imaging. Acoustic signals are amplified and collected through a data acquisition system and processed through software to form an image. Simulations have shown sufficient penetration through superficial tissue, and absorption of light by blood at relevant wavelengths…
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