Phase-locked Fourier domain optical coherence tomography
Abstract
Fourier or spectral domain optical coherence tomography (FDOCT) is a multi-dimensional interferometric imaging modality that has attracted increasing interest during the last few years. The reason is its outstanding sensitivity allowing high speed 2D and 3D imaging of weakly backscattering biological tissues in vivo and with high axial resolution. FDOCT has today largely replaced the preceding time domain OCT due to its marked advantage in sensitivity and acquisition speed. In particular, for fast in vivo retinal imaging with high resolution in 3D, FDOCT has become the method of choice. Recent developments enhance the clinical and biomedical potential of FDOCT by aiming from purely structural to functional tissue imaging, revealing tissue dynamics and physiology. The imaging parameter space is becoming highly multi-dimensional by including polarization, Doppler flow and spectroscopy. Two operating modes of FDOCT exist: spectrometer-based and swept-source. The latter captivates with its unprecedented depth-scan speed of several 100kHz whereas the spectrometer-based FDOCT offers ultra-high axial resolution capabilities of 2µm or even better. However, there are drawbacks to both FDOCT modalities including the depth-dependent sensitivity decay as well as the complex ambiguity of the FDOCT signal which leads to disturbing mirror structures as well as a restricted maximum depth range. Phase shifting techniques allow reconstruction of the complex sample signal, resolving the…
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