A New Preview of Antibiotic-resistant Spectrum in Community-acquired Pneumonia: A Cross-Sectional Study from Iraq
Abstract
Introduction/objectives: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains one of the leading sources of morbidity/mortality in the world. However, the increasing problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) aggravates the issue. This research intends to explore the prevalent levels of resistance to antibacterial drugs in bacteria isolated from patients in Iraq experiencing CAP.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 clinically and radiologically confirmed CAP patients at Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, from May 2023 to June 2024. Sputum samples were evaluated microscopically and analyzed for culture and sensitivity using the VITEK® 2 system.
Results: Of 122 patients, 44 (36.1%) had positive bacterial cultures. S. pneumoniae and S. sanguinis bacteria, along with S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, stood out as the common ones, causing 18.2% each. S. aureus comprised 11.4%, followed by P. aeruginosa. S. pneumoniae and S. sanguinis showed 100% resistance to azithromycin, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin. S. aureus was 60% & 20% resistant to vancomycin & linezolid. Extremely alarming was the near-total resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii.
Discussion: This study provides the first detailed resistance profile for CAP pathogens in Iraq using modern automated diagnostics. The findings reveal alarmingly high levels of antibiotic resistance, including pan-resistant strains.
Conclusion: The problem of antibiotic resistance in CAP in Iraq is very serious and rising because of the…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 associated with proton pump inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study with propensity score matching
- Penicillins for Treatment of Pneumococcal Pneumonia: Does In Vitro Resistance Really Matter?
- Thiophenes—Naturally Occurring Plant Metabolites: Biological Activities and In Silico Evaluation of Their Potential as Cathepsin D Inhibitors
- Inhalable Mannosylated Rifampicin–Curcumin Co-Loaded Nanomicelles with Enhanced In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy for an Optimized Pulmonary Tuberculosis Therapy
- Development and validation of microbial bioassay for quantification of Levofloxacin in pharmaceutical preparations
- Association between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and respiratory tract infections in the first 6 months of age in a Korean population: a birth cohort study (COCOA)
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.