The efficacy and safety of inhaled antibiotics for pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of inhaled antibiotics for adults with pneumonia by meta-analysis.
METHODS
Literature retrieval was completed through five databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus) by the deadline of May 31, 2024. The process of study selection and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. The quality of observational studies and randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies were evaluated by Newcastle Ottawa scale and Jadad scale, respectively. The primary outcomes included mortality, clinical cure, and microbiological cure. Secondary outcomes were recurrence and renal impairment.
RESULTS
There were 30 studies were analyzed, including 12 RCT studies and 18 observational studies. Inhaled antibiotics did not significantly reduce mortality in RCT studies (odds ratio (OR)=1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80-1.41). Inhaled antibiotics were associated with higher rates of clinical cure (OR=1.47 95%CI: 0.82-2.66 in RCT studies and OR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.36-3.21 in observational studies) and microbiological cure (OR=7.00 in RCT studies and OR=2.20 in observational studies). Subgroup analysis showed patients received inhaled antibiotics combined with intravenous administration and inhaled amikacin had better improvements of mortality, clinical cure and microbiological cure. Inhaled antibiotics were not associated with recurrence. The pooled OR of renal impairment were 0.65 (95%CI:…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
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