Range-Based Finishing Enhances Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Forage- Derived Metabolites in Bison Meat Across a Seven Treatment Comparison
Abstract
Abstract Background Finishing practices influence the biochemical composition of bison ( Bison bison ) meat, with potential implications for animal health and human nutrition. This study evaluated seven representative finishing systems spanning a range of extensive and intensive production systems, with additional contrasts in forage diversity, corn supplementation, and stocking density to determine their effects on the fatty acid and phytonutrient profiles of bison striploins ( M. longissimus lumborum ). Treatments included range-finished bison grazing either diverse native pastures (~ 200 plant species) or lower-diversity pastures (~ 90 plant species), with or without corn supplementation, as well as pen-finished bison managed under varying feed formulations and stocking densities, including a conventional total mixed ration group. Fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography–flame ionization detection (GC-FID), and targeted metabolomic profiling of phytonutrient-derived metabolites was performed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Results Range-finished bison exhibited significantly higher concentrations of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (C18:3n-3; P
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