Effects of Nutritional Supplementation on Apolipoprotein B– Related Biomarkers in Adults with Dyslipidaemia: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Abstract Background Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) has emerged as a key biomarker of atherogenic lipoprotein burden and may predict cardiovascular risk more accurately than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Additional markers, including the ApoB/apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) ratio and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), provide complementary information regarding residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and are increasingly incorporated into contemporary lipid management strategies. Although nutritional supplements are widely used to improve lipid profiles, their effects on ApoB-related biomarkers remain uncertain and have not been comprehensively synthesised. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of nutritional supplementation on ApoB, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, and non-HDL-C in adults with dyslipidaemia. Methods This protocol was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement and has been prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261430196). Electronic searches will be conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from inception to the final search date. Parallel-group randomized controlled trials evaluating oral nutritional supplements, including vitamin preparations, mineral supplements, omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, and multicomponent formulations, in adults…
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