The efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid for gestational diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid to treat gestational diabetes remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of omega-3 fatty acid versus placebo on gestational diabetes.
METHODS: We search PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through March 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of omega-3 fatty acid versus placebo on gestational diabetes. This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model.
RESULTS: Five RCTs are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for gestational diabetes, omega-3 fatty acid can significantly reduce fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mean difference (MD) = -4.91; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -8.16 to -1.66; p = .003), homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, MD = -0.99; 95% CI = -1.61 to -0.37; p = .002), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, MD = -1.43; 95% CI = -2.54 to -0.31; p = .01), but has no remarkable influence on preterm delivery (RR = 1.61; 95% CI = 0.36-7.16; p = .53), gestational age (MD = 0.09; 95% CI = -0.01 to 0.20; p = .08), macrosomia (RR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.26-1.62; p = .3), newborn weight (MD = 3.37; 95% CI = -15.75 to 22.50; p = .73), and 5-min Apgar score (MD = 0; 95% CI = -0.02 to 0.02; p = .92).
CONCLUSIONS: Omega-3 fatty acids is associated with significantly reduced FPG, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP in patients with gestational diabetes.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
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