Meta-Analysis of Palmitoylethanolamide in Pain Management: Addressing Literature Gaps and Enhancing Understanding
Abstract
Context: Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that affects a significant proportion of the population. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), a naturally occurring fatty acid amide derived from omega-7 fatty acids, has emerged as a safe and effective alternative for pain management and exerts its effects by interacting with the endocannabinoid system, modulating inflammation, and regulating immune responses.
Objective: A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of PEA in alleviating pain across various pathologies, considering the nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic nature of pain.
Data sources: A systematic search was conducted of 4 databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Collaboration Library.
Data extraction: Randomized clinical trials were selected for analysis. This meta-analysis included 18 studies involving 1196 patients.
Data analysis: Continuous variables were assessed using a standard mean difference (SMD). Heterogeneity was evaluated using the χ2 test and I2 statistics. Pain was significantly reduced in the PEA group at 6 weeks (SMD, -0.9; 95% CI, -1.60 to -0.31), 8 weeks (SMD, -0.98; 95% CI, -1.61 to -0.36), and 24-26 weeks (SMD, -1.16; 95% CI, -2.15 to -0.17). Quality of life, including pain-related items, was significantly higher in the PEA group (SMD, -0.61; 95% CI, -0.93 to -0.30). Significant differences in favor of PEA were observed at 4 (SMD, -0.36; 95% CI, -0.65 to -0.07) and 8 weeks (SMD, -0.66; 95% CI, -1.15 to -0.17).…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 1,196 participants or records.
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