Comparison of EPA and DHA&EPA on body weight, BMI, and lean body mass in cancer patients: a network meta-analysis
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different types of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) supplements (EPA alone vs. DHA&EPA combined) on body weight, body mass index (BMI), and lean body mass (LBM) in cancer patients through a network meta-analysis and to assess confidence in the results using the CINeMA (Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis) framework.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials databases. A total of 1995 studies were initially identified, and 26 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1892 cancer patients were ultimately included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A random-effects model was used to perform the network meta-analysis. The confidence in the evidence was evaluated using the CINeMA tool, considering within-study bias, reporting bias, indirectness, imprecision, heterogeneity, and incoherence.
Results: The network meta-analysis included 25 studies on body weight, 15 studies on BMI, and 6 studies on LBM. Among 25 studies assessing body weight, the DHA&EPA supplementation group showed statistically significant improvements compared to the control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40-2.16, P < 0.05), with a surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) score of 48, suggesting modest superiority among compared interventions. CINeMA analysis for…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 1,892 participants or records.
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