Effects of Omega‐3 Fatty Acids Intake on Lipid Metabolism and Plaque Volume in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Abstract
ABSTRACT This systematic review and meta‐analysis of 23 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) encompassed an overall sample size of 2061 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. The objective was to assess the impact of omega‐3 fatty acids intake on lipid profiles and arterial plaque volume. Omega‐3 fatty acids supplementation significantly reduced circulating levels of triglycerides (TGs) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.38 to −0.11) and total cholesterol (TC) (SMD = −0.12, 95% CI = −0.23 to −0.02), with no significant impact on the levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), or arterial plaque volume. Our omega‐3 fatty acids dose–response analysis revealed a linear relationship with TG and a “J” shaped curve for TC and LDL‐C levels. Our findings suggest that omega‐3 fatty acids intake had a positive impact on the circulating levels of TG and TC. Our findings underscore the importance of tailoring omega‐3 fatty acids dosage to individual patient needs in clinical practice. Trial Registration: PROSPERO:CRD42023486434
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 2,061 participants or records.
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