Multidomain intervention for dementia prevention: a scoping review
Abstract
Purpose: To map core components, outcomes, and challenges of multidomain dementia prevention interventions through a scoping review, and to compare differences in intervention effects between Chinese and non-Chinese countries/regions populations, thereby informing evidence-based strategies for localized interventions in China.
Design: JBI-guided scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's framework.
Data sources: Six databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycInfo) searched from inception to March 12, 2025.
Methods: Peer-reviewed studies on multidomain interventions were screened via a two-stage process (title/abstract → full-text) using EndNote 21. Initial searches identified 2,968 articles, and 18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were finally included after duplicate removal and eligibility screening. Data extraction and synthesis followed.
Results: Eighteen studies identified four core components of multidomain interventions: physical exercise, cognitive training, nutrition, and cardiovascular risk management. The more often reported implementation pattern was 3-5 weekly combined physical/cognitive sessions over 6-24 months. Regarding outcomes, cognitive function improvement, quality of life enhancement (+7.3 EQ-5D), and dementia risk reduction (40%) were reported in multiple studies, though inconsistent results existed. Subgroup analysis showed that Chinese studies had slightly lower cognitive improvement (MMSE +1.5-1.7) than Western…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
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