Effect of Fish-Derived Lipids on Inflammation Status and Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Endometriosis
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder associated with pain and immune dysregulation. Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids and fish-derived bioactive lipids may modulate inflammation and metabolism. This study investigated whether adding fish-derived lipids (FDLs) to a Healthy Eating Plate diet improves inflammatory markers, gut inflammation, pain, and quality of life in women with endometriosis. Methods: In this 12-week randomized controlled trial, 46 women with confirmed endometriosis were assigned to either a Healthy Eating Plate diet alone (control group, CG) or the same diet plus FDLs (intervention group, IG). Primary outcomes included serum cytokine concentrations (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) and fecal calprotectin (CAL). Secondary outcomes included pain intensity measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) and health-related quality of life assessed with the Endometriosis Health Profile-30 (EHP-30). Results: IL-10 levels (pg/mL) increased in the IG (32.5 ± 51.5 to 265 ± 508; p = 0.024) with a significant adjusted effect (ANCOVA: 5.07 [95% CI: 1.32-19.48], p = 0.019). Other cytokines showed heterogeneous responses, and CAL levels remained unchanged. EHP-30 Pain scores improved within both groups (CG p = 0.016; IG p = 0.002) without significant between-group change or adjusted effects (all p > 0.05). VAS scores decreased within the IG (5.0 ± 2.1 to 4.3 ± 2.1; p = 0.011), although there…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 46 participants or records.
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