Postprandial modulation of the surface profile and cellular origin of circulating extracellular vesicles by dietary fatty acid composition: A randomized crossover pilot study in young healthy adults
Abstract
Background and aims: Dietary fatty acids are central modulators of postprandial metabolism and inflammation, processes intimately linked to long-term cardiometabolic health. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, have emerged as dynamic mediators of intercellular communication and may reflect acute physiological changes. However, the impact of distinct dietary fatty acids on EV phenotype during the postprandial period remains poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate the effect of isoenergetic meals enriched in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3-LCPUFAs) on classical immunometabolic markers and on the phenotypic profile and cellular origin of circulating EVs in healthy adults.
Methods: In a randomized crossover study, ten healthy participants (a total of 40 postprandial curves) received four test meals (SFA-, MUFA-, or ω3-LCPUFA-enriched emulsions, plus a fat-free control emulsion). Blood samples were collected at fasting, 2-3 h (postprandial peak), and 5-6 h (late postprandial phase). Clinical, biochemical, haematological, and immunological parameters were assessed. EVs were isolated from plasma, and 37 surface markers were analysed by multiplex flow cytometry to infer their cellular origin.
Results: Postprandial responses varied with fat quality. MUFA and ω3-LCPUFA meals induced broader immunometabolic activation than SFA. At the late postprandial phase, MUFA…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design.
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