Determinants of maternal and infant omega-3 status at 3 months postpartum: findings from the APrON longitudinal cohort study
Abstract
Background Omega-3 long-chain–polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are important dietary components for maternal and infant health during pregnancy and lactation. Objectives This study investigated determinants of maternal and infant LCPUFAs status at 3 mo postpartum and the relationship between maternal serum, maternal milk, and infant LCPUFAs. Methods This cross-sectional study included mothers (n = 1481) and their offspring (n = 526) at 3 mo postpartum from the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) cohort. Maternal dietary intake (24-h recall), blood samples from mothers and infants, and maternal milk were collected. Fatty acid composition (relative % of total fatty acids) was determined by gas–liquid chromatography. Linear regression analyses explored associations between diet, sociodemographic factors, and fatty acid status. Results In a multivariable-adjusted analysis, maternal total dietary intake (supplement + food) was positively associated with the percentage of DHA (standardized ß [Sβ] = 0.158; ß = 0.394; 95% [confidence interval] CI: 0.192, 0.558; P < 0.001) in maternal serum phospholipids. Similar associations were found for DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid in maternal milk and plasma phospholipids of infants. Prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) was negatively associated with DHA (Sß = −0.073; ß = −0.003; 95% CI: −0.006, −0.001; P = 0.008) and positively associated with total saturated fatty acids (Sß = 0.086; ß = 0.111; 95% CI: 0.042, 0.180; P = 0.002)…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 1,481 participants or records.
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