Fish and sea products consumption and allergic rhinitis: A multicenter case-control study
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The association of allergic diseases with the intake of fish-derived proteins and fatty acids remains unclear, with studies showing divergent results. We aimed to examine the association of those nutrients with the occurrence of allergic rhinitis (AR).
METHODS: A multicenter case-control study was conducted with 411 AR cases and 477 controls. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) of AR and their 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models. Stratified analyses by fish type and macronutrient were undertaken.
RESULTS: Blue fish consumption, except tuna, is associated with an important decrease in the odds of AR (1 serving/week: OR = 0.46; 95%CI: 0.27-0.80; 2 servings/week: OR = 0.30; 95%CI: 0.17-0.54; 3-4 servings/week: OR = 0.38; 95%CI: 0.20-0.68). Conversely, compared to no intake, white fish consumption is associated with higher odds of AR (3 servings/week: OR = 5.49; 95%CI: 3.27-9.24). A high n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratio is associated with higher odds of AR (OR = 1.79; 95%CI: 1.03-3.13 for the highest intake level compared to the lowest). High intake of n-3 PUFAs is associated with substantially lower odds of AR ranging between 46 % and 58 % (stearidonic acid OR = 0.42; 95%CI: 0.24-0.74; eicosapentaenoic acid OR = 0.45; 95%CI: 0.25-0.80; and docosapentaenoic acid OR = 0.54; 95%CI: 0.31-0.96).
CONCLUSIONS: A high intake of blue fish, except tuna, is associated with lower odds of AR while that of white fish…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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