Associations between perinatal HIV-related risk factors and select serum PUFA levels among Ugandan children and adolescents
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To (1) determine how serum fatty acid (FA) levels differ by developmental stage, (2) quantify associations between perinatal HIV-related factors and PUFA levels and (3) examine the heterogeneity of these associations by developmental stage.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional secondary analysis of baseline data from two prospective cohorts.
SETTING: Kampala, Uganda.
PARTICIPANTS: 243 children (6-10 years old) and 383 adolescents (11-18 years old) were recruited at Kawaala Health Center based on perinatal HIV status. Youth (children and adolescents) were classified as: those with perinatal HIV infection (PHIV: n 212), those perinatally HIV exposed but remained uninfected (HEU: n 211) and those perinatally HIV unexposed and uninfected (HUU: n 203).
RESULTS: Adolescents had lower n-6 and n-3 PUFA levels than children, and among adolescents, these levels increased with age. Relative to children HUU, children PHIV had a higher triene:tetraene ratio and 20:3n-9 (indicators of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD)). Adolescents PHIV v. HUU had lower 20:5n-3 levels. When considering in utero/peripartum antiretroviral therapy (IPA) exposure, the FA profile was indicative of EFAD for youth PHIV with (a) no IPA exposure and (b) combination IPA exposure, whereas non-nucleoside RT inhibitor+nucleoside RT inhibitor exposure was associated with a favourable FA profile among youth PHIV and HEU (all P < 0·05).
CONCLUSION: In this sample, perinatal HIV status was associated with low PUFA…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 383 participants or records.
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