Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the telomere length: A mini meta-analysis of clinical trials
Abstract
Abstract Telomeres are protective caps at the end of eukaryotic chromosomes, whose length is correlated with health and lifespan. Telomere attrition is a common feature of the aging process and can be accelerated by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Various nutrients influence the telomere length, partially due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this review was to meta-analytically assess the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the telomere length. We searched four databases (PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library) from inception until November 2021. Of 573 records, a total of 5 clinical trials were included for the quantitative meta-analysis, comprising a total of 337 participants. The results revealed an overall beneficial effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the telomere length (mean difference = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.02, 0.30; p = 0.02). Despite a limited number of studies, the available evidence suggests that omega-3 fatty acids may positively affect the telomere length. However, larger clinical trials are needed to confirm our findings, along with studies aimed to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 337 participants or records.
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