The Role of Immunological Challenges, Oxidative Stress, and Dietary Interventions in Managing Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A Narrative Review
Abstract
Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune thyroid disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and hypothyroidism. The current scientific understanding indicates that the development of HT is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Nevertheless, oxidative stress (OS) and dysregulated immune processes play a substantial role in HT pathogenesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in thyroid hormone synthesis by facilitating iodide oxidation. Since thyroid hormones influence mitochondrial activity and regulate ROS production, the thyroid gland is particularly vulnerable to OS and disruptions in homeostasis. Research indicates that, in HT, the oxidative balance shifts toward a pro-oxidative state. Excessive levels of ROS disrupt cellular homeostasis and induce inflammation, leading to structural and functional damage of thyroid tissue. These processes play a substantial role in the pathogenesis and progression of HT. Among the various environmental factors that can be modulated, dietary nutrients are considered one of the most promising and underappreciated clinical tools in this process. The primary aim was to explore the potential role of dietary interventions in protecting thyroid function, supporting the immune response, and alleviating OS in individuals with HT. According to the literature data, proper nutrition in HT should include sufficient amounts of anti-inflammatory components. These emphasize the role of mono- and…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Promising Sources of Plant-Derived Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Narrative Review
- Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake in patients with chronic kidney disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cognition: an updated systematic review of randomized clinical trials
- The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A narrative review
- Paucity of evidence for a relationship between long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review
- Omega-3 fatty acid nanocarriers: Characterization and potential applications
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.