Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Objective Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by an acute inflammatory response in the lung parenchyma leading to severe hypoxemia. Because of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) have been administered to ARDS patients, mostly by the enteral route, as immune-enhancing diets with eicosapentaenoic acid, γ-linolenic acid, and antioxidants. However, clinical benefits of ω-3 PUFAs in ARDS patients remain unclear because clinical trials have found conflicting results. Considering the most recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and recent change in administration strategies, the aim of this updated systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate clinical benefits of ω-3 PUFA administration on gas exchange and clinical outcomes in ARDS patients. Methods We searched for RCTs conducted in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with ARDS comparing the administration of ω-3 PUFAs to placebo. The outcomes assessed were PaO2-to-FiO2 ratio evaluated early (3–4 d) and later (7–8 d), mortality, ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS), length of mechanical ventilation (MV), and infectious complications. Two independent reviewers assessed eligibility, risk of bias, and abstracted data. Data were pooled using a random effect model to estimate the relative risk or weighted mean difference (WMD). Results Twelve RCTs (n = 1280 patients) met our inclusion criteria. Omega-3 PUFAs administration was associated…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 1,280 participants or records.
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