Efficacy of Prophylactic Antibiotics during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Abstract
RATIONALE
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely used worldwide, and many hospitals consider using antibiotics to prevent nosocomial infection in ECMO patients. However, the efficacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis for patients receiving ECMO remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics for ECMO patients.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study was performed using data recorded in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database from July 1, 2010, to March 31, 2017. We compared in-hospital mortality, nosocomial pneumonia, acute kidney injury, and diarrhea between patients receiving prophylactic antibiotics (prophylaxis group) and those not receiving antibiotics (control group) using propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression models fitted using generalized estimating equation, stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting, and instrumental variable analysis.
RESULTS
We identified 9615 eligible patients and classified them into the prophylaxis (n = 5552) and control (n = 4063) groups. In the propensity score-matched analysis, 3650 pairs were generated. Significant differences between the prophylaxis group and the control group were detected in in-hospital mortality (56.4% vs 59.8%, risk difference: -3.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -6.0 to -1.3) and nosocomial pneumonia (12.9% vs. 15.3%, risk difference: -2.4%, 95% CI: -4.3 to -0.6). In the multivariable logistic regression models…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 9,615 participants or records.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Penicillins for Treatment of Pneumococcal Pneumonia: Does In Vitro Resistance Really Matter?
- Thiophenes—Naturally Occurring Plant Metabolites: Biological Activities and In Silico Evaluation of Their Potential as Cathepsin D Inhibitors
- Inhalable Mannosylated Rifampicin–Curcumin Co-Loaded Nanomicelles with Enhanced In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy for an Optimized Pulmonary Tuberculosis Therapy
- Development and validation of microbial bioassay for quantification of Levofloxacin in pharmaceutical preparations
- GC-MS Analysis and Biomedical Therapy of Oil from n-Hexane Fraction of Scutellaria edelbergii Rech. f.: In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Approach
- Propranolol, chlorpromazine and diclofenac restore susceptibility of extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-Acinetobacter baumannii to fluoroquinolones
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.